Tuesday, Oct. 28 - Cells - Distinguishing Between Cells

Objective: To understand what makes plant and animal cells different.

Plant Cells: One large vacuole, have chloroplasts (light used to produce food through photosynthesis); cell wall (rigid outer layer that supports and protects cell)

Animal Cells: no vacuole or small vacuoles; no chloroplasts; no cell wall – cell membrane

Eukaryotic Cells: membrane bound nucleus and organelles in membranes – animal, plant, fungi

Prokaryotic Cell: Cell membrane, cell wall, cytoplasm but no nucleus – bacteria. These are all single-celled organisms.

Transport Across Membrane

Cell membranes are selectively permeable so parts of cell stay in, nutrients come in, waste goes out.

Diffusion – The movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an areal of low concentration. So if something can cross cell membrane it will move to create balance.

Osmosis – Water moves in and out of cell from highest concentration to lowest concentration.

Active Transport – The cell moves the molecule with carrier proteins even if it’s against the grain.